Skip to main content

styled-component基础

CSS in js

框架的目的是减轻开发人员的开发难度，提高效率

组件化开发强制把html、js、css谢在一起

这样写有利于组件隔离，每个组件需要的代码不依赖于外部

表面上React写法是html、css、js混合写在一起，实际上是用js在写html、css，React对html的封装是jsx，对css的封装类似于styled-component

styled-component

相对于预处理器（sass、less）的好处是，css in js使用的是js语法，不用在重学习其他新技术，也不用进行预处理

npm instlal --save styled-components

基础用法

import styled from 'styled-components'

const HomeWrapper = style.div`
   width: 960px;
   margin: 0 auto;
   overflow:hidden;
`
const HomeLeft = styled.div`
   float: left;
   width: 625px;
   margin-left: 15px;
   padding-top: 30px;
   .banner-img{
       width: 635px;
       height: 270px;
   }
`

const HomeRight = style.div`
   float:right;
   width:280px;
   margin-left:15px;
   padding-top: 30px;
`

render(){
    return (
       <HomeWrapper>
           <HomeLeft>left</HomeLeft>
           <HomeRight>right</HomeRight>
       </HomeWrapper>
    )
}

HomeWrapper,HomeLeft,HomeRight每个组件对应唯一的样式，不会出现样式污染的情况

全局样式

createGlobalStyle设置全局样式

import {createGlobalStyle} from 'styled-component'

const GlobalStyle = createGlobalStyle`
   html, body, div, span, applet, object, iframe,
    h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6, p, blockquote, pre,
    a, abbr, acronym, address, big, cite, code,
    del, dfn, em, img, ins, kbd, q, s, samp,
    small, strike, strong, sub, sup, tt, var,
    b, u, i, center,
    dl, dt, dd, ol, ul, li,
    fieldset, form, label, legend,
    table, caption, tbody, tfoot, thead, tr, th, td,
    article, aside, canvas, details, embed,
    figure, figcaption, footer, header, hgroup,
    menu, nav, output, ruby, section, summary,
    time, mark, audio, video {
        margin: 0;
        padding: 0;
        border: 0;
        font-size: 100%;
        font: inherit;
        vertical-align: baseline;
    }
    /* HTML5 display-role reset for older browsers */
    article, aside, details, figcaption, figure,
    footer, header, hgroup, menu, nav, section {
        display: block;
    }
    body {
        line-height: 1;
    }
    ol, ul {
        list-style: none;
    }
    blockquote, q {
        quotes: none;
    }
    blockquote:before, blockquote:after,
    q:before, q:after {
        content: '';
        content: none;
    }
    table {
        border-collapse: collapse;
        border-spacing: 0;
    }

    @font-face {
      font-family: 'iconfont';  /* project id 897264 */
      src: url('//at.alicdn.com/t/font_897264_7ma62sn10m3.eot');
      src: url('//at.alicdn.com/t/font_897264_7ma62sn10m3.eot?#iefix') format('embedded-opentype'),
      url('//at.alicdn.com/t/font_897264_7ma62sn10m3.woff') format('woff'),
      url('//at.alicdn.com/t/font_897264_7ma62sn10m3.ttf') format('truetype'),
      url('//at.alicdn.com/t/font_897264_7ma62sn10m3.svg#iconfont') format('svg');
    }
    .iconfont {
      font-family:"iconfont" !important;
      font-size:16px;
      font-style:normal;
      -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
      -moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale;
    }

    .clearfix:after {visibility: hidden;display: block;font-size: 0;content: ".";clear: both;height: 0;}
    .clearfix {zoom: 1;}
`
render(){
    return (
        <>
            <Provider>...</Provider>
            <GrobalStyle/>
        </>
    )
}

上面的代码GrobalStyle 是全局样式组件，只需在React组件的最外层引入即可

图片引入

使用import导入图片，然后以变量方式引入，如果像css一样的方式引入会报错

import styled from 'styled-components'
import logPic from '../../statics/images/logo.png'

export const Logo = styled.div`
  position:absolute;
  top:0;
  left:0;
  width: 100px;
  height: 56px;
  background-image: url(${logPic});
  background-size: contain;
`

props

使用组件的传值

recommendLinst.map((item)=>{
    return <RecommendItem key={item} imgUrl={item}/>
})

const RecommendItem = styled.div`
   width: 280px;
   height: 50px;
   background-image: url(${(props) => props.Url});
   background-size: contain;
`

父组件传入的值，会放在子组件的props中，所以操作props能得到预期的效果

标签属性

使用styled-components需要使用标签属性，如input的placecholder,a标签的href等，styled-components提供了属性attrs

export const NavSearch = styled.input.attrs({
    placeholder: '搜索',
    type: 'text'
})`
  width: 160px;
  height: 38px;
  margin-top: 9px;
  padding: 0 40px 0 20px;
  box-sizing: border-box;
  background-color: #eee;
  outline: none;
  border: none;
  border-radius: 19px;
  color: #666;
  &::placeholder{
      color: #999;
  }
  
  &.focused{
      width: 240px;
  }
`

attrs里面是一个对象，如果需要多个属性以对象的形式添加即可

塑造组件

有一种情况一些原本就已经是组件，需要给这些组件添加样式，这时需要用到塑造组件

const Link = ({className, children}) => (
   <a className={className}>
      {children}
   </a>
)

const StyleLink = styled(Link)`
   color: palevioletred
`

render (){
    <div>
       <Link>普通组件</Link>
       <StyledLink>添加样式的组件</StyleLink>
    </div>
}

继承

如果某一组件的样式会用到多个地方，不能每个地方都重写写一套样式，这样代码不够优雅，一个button有waring、default、primary等只是颜色不同，这里可以使用继承

const Button = styled.button`
    line-height: 1.499;
    display: inline-block;
    font-weight: 400;
    text-align: center;
    -ms-touch-action: manipulation;
    touch-action: manipulation;
    cursor: pointer;
    background-image: none;
    border: 1px solid transparent;
    white-space: nowrap;
    padding: 0 15px;
    font-size: 14px;
    border-radius: 4px;
    height: 32px;
    -webkit-user-select: none;
    -moz-user-select: none;
    -ms-user-select: none;
    user-select: none;
    -webkit-transition: all .3s cubic-bezier(.645,.045,.355,1);
    transition: all .3s cubic-bezier(.645,.045,.355,1);
    position: relative;
    -webkit-box-shadow: 0 2px 0 rgba(0,0,0,.015);
    box-shadow: 0 2px 0 rgba(0,0,0,.015);
    color: rgba(0,0,0,.65);
    background-color: #fff;
    border-color: #d9d9d9;
`

const ButtonPrimary = styled(Button)`
    color: #fff;
    background-color: #1890ff;
    border-color: #1890ff;
`

const ButtonWarning = styled(Button)`
    color: #f5222d;
    background-color: #f5f5f5;
    border-color: #d9d9d9;
`

动画

const rotate = keyframes`
  from {
    transform: rotate(0deg);
  }
  to {
    transform: rotate(360deg);
  }
`;

const Rotate = styled.div`
  display: inline-block;
  animation: ${rotate} 2s linear infinite;
  padding: 2rem 1rem;
  font-size: 1.2rem;
`;

render(
    <Rotate>&lt; 💅 &gt;</Rotate>
);

简单的动画，直接以这样的方式去做，即可，如果动画比较复杂，建议使用react-transition-group框架有更好的体验。

使用styled-components会随机生成一个class名称，这样不会污染到全局变量，当然因为随机生成，维护会增加难度